Genetic modification, also known as genetic engineering, is a scientific process where the DNA of an organism is altered to introduce new traits or characteristics. This can involve inserting or deleting specific genes to produce desired traits such as increased crop yields, resistance to pests or diseases, enhanced nutritional value, or improved growth rates. Genetic modification has been widely used in agriculture, medicine, and research to improve the quality, yield, and efficiency of various organisms. However, it is also a controversial topic due to concerns about potential environmental and health risks.